MySQL群集双机模拟方案(MySQL Cluster)

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MySQL群集双机模拟方案
转载请注明出处      MSN:danieyren@hotmail.com
硬件配置
普通PC server * 2 (最小[url=http://www.baidu.com/s?tn=piglet&ct=&lm=&z=&rn=&word=集群]集群环境需要4台服务器）
模拟环境
red hat linux9 for x86 (or red hat AS 2以上版本),glibc-2.2, static, gcc
MySQL版本4.1.12 binares
mysql-max binary版本目前只支持linux、max os x和solaris
本方案不涉及从源代码编译安装

主机 IP地址 用途
ndb1_mgmd_sqld 1192.168.1.100 Ndb node1+mgmd node1+sqld node1
ndb2_sqld2 192.168.1.200 Ndb node2+sqld node2

Mgmd:management server
sqld:mysql server
ndb:storaged node (share-nothing,base in memory)
安装
从http://dev.mysql.com/downloads/mysql/4.1.html下载mysql-max-4.1.12-pc-linux-gnu-i686.tar.gz到/var/tmp
Storage and SQL Node Installation
在两台主机上执行如下过程
shell>groupadd mysql
shell>useradd -g mysql mysql
shell>tar zxfv mysql-max-4.1.12-pc-linux-gnu-i686.tar.gz
shell>cp -vr mysql-max-4.1.12-pc-linux-gnu-i686 /usr/local/mysql-max-4.1.12-pc-linux-gnu-i686
shell>cd /usr/local
shell>ln -s mysql-max-4.1.12-pc-linux-gnu-i686 mysql
shell>cd mysql;scripts/mysql_install_db –user=mysql
shell>chown -R root .;chown -R mysql data;chgrp -R mysql .
shell>cp support-files/mysql.server /etc/rc.d/init.d/
shell>chmod +x /etc/rc.d/init.d/mysql.server
shell>chkconfig --add mysql.server
shell>chkconfig –level 3 mysql.server off
Management Node Installation
在主机ndb1_mgmd_sqld1上执行如下过程
shell>cd /var/tmp
shell>tar -zxvf mysql-max-4.1.12a-pc-linux-gnu-i686.tar.gz /usr/local/bin '*/bin/ndb_mgm*'
Configuration
Configuring the Storage and SQL Nodes
在两台主机上执行如下过程：
shell>vi /etc/my.cnf
[MYSQLD]                         # Options for mysqld process:
ndbcluster                     # run NDB engine
ndb-connectstring=192.168.1.100   # location of MGM node

[MYSQL_CLUSTER]                 # Options for ndbd process:
ndb-connectstring=192.168.1.100   # location of MGM node

Configuring the Management Node
在主机ndb1_mgmd_sqld1上执行如下过程
shell>mkdir /var/lib/mysql-cluster
shell>cd /var/lib/mysql-cluster
shell>vi config.ini
[NDBD DEFAULT]     # Options affecting ndbd processes on all data nodes:
NoOfReplicas=2     # Number of replicas
DataMemory=80M     # How much memory to allocate for data storage
IndexMemory=52M   # How much memory to allocate for index storage
# For DataMemory and IndexMemory, we have used the
# default values. Since the "world" database takes up
# only about 500KB, this should be more than enough for
# this example Cluster setup.
[TCP DEFAULT]

[NDB_MGMD]               # Management process options:
hostname=192.168.1.100 # Hostname or IP address of MGM node
datadir=/var/lib/mysql-cluster   # Directory for MGM node logfiles

[NDBD]                         # Options for data node "A":
                    # (one [NDBD] section per data node)
HostName=192.168.1.100           # Hostname or IP address
DataDir=/usr/local/mysql/data   # Directory for this data node's datafiles

[NDBD]                         # Options for data node "B":
hostname=192.168.1.200           # Hostname or IP address
datadir=/usr/local/mysql/data   # Directory for this data node's datafiles

[MYSQLD]                         # SQL node options:
hostname=192.168.1.100         # Hostname or IP address
# Directory for SQL node's datafiles
# (additional mysqld connections can be
# specified for this node for various
# purposes such as running ndb_restore)

[MYSQLD] # SQL node options:
hostname=192.168.1.200         # Hostname or IP address
# Directory for SQL node's datafiles
                        # (additional mysqld connections can be
                        # specified for this node for various
                        # purposes such as running ndb_restore)
第一次启动
在主机ndb1_mgmd_sqld1上执行如下过程
shell> ndb_mgmd -f /var/lib/mysql-cluster/config.ini
在两台主机上执行如下过程
shell>ndbd –initial (note:--initial选项只能在第一次启动的时候使用)
shell>/etc/init.d/mysql.server start
测试
在主机ndb1_mgmd_sqld1上执行如下过程
shell> ndb_mgm
-- NDB Cluster -- Management Client --
ndb_mgm> show
Connected to Management Server at: localhost:1186
Cluster Configuration
---------------------
[ndbd(NDB)]     2 node(s)
id=2    @192.168.0.100  (Version: 4.1.12, Nodegroup: 0, Master)
id=3    @192.168.0.200  (Version: 4.1.12, Nodegroup: 0)

[ndb_mgmd(MGM)] 1 node(s)
id=1    @192.168.0.100  (Version: 4.1.12)

[mysqld(SQL)]   1 node(s)
id=4   (Version: 4.1.12)
出现如上信息则表示mysql群集安装成功
数据抽样测试
在主机ndb1_mgmd_sqld1上执行如下过程
shell>/usr/local/mysql/bin/mysql -u root test
MySQL>DROP TABLE IF EXISTS City;
CREATE TABLE City (
ID int(11) NOT NULL auto_increment,
Name char(35) NOT NULL default '',
CountryCode char(3) NOT NULL default '',
District char(20) NOT NULL default '',
Population int(11) NOT NULL default '0',
PRIMARY KEY  (ID)
) ENGINE=NDBCLUSTER;

MySQL>INSERT INTO City VALUES (1,'Kabul','AFG','Kabol',1780000);
INSERT INTO City VALUES (2,'Qandahar','AFG','Qandahar',237500);
INSERT INTO City VALUES (3,'Herat','AFG','Herat',186800);

在主机ndb2_sqld2上执行如下过程
shell>/usr/local/mysql/bin/mysql -u root mysql
MySQSL>select * from City;
如果成功显示数据信息，则表示集群已经成功启动
Safe Shutdown and Restart
在主机ndb1_mgmd_sqld1上执行如下过程
shell>ndb_mgm -e shutdown （关闭集群服务器，storage node也会自动被关闭)
在两台主机上执行如下过程
shell>/etc/init.d/mysql.server stop

重新启动集群(顺序不能弄错)
在主机ndb1_mgmd_sqld1上执行如下过程
shell> ndb_mgmd -f /var/lib/mysql-cluster/config.ini
在两台主机上执行如下过程
shell>/usr/local/mysql/bin/ndbd
启动完ndbd进程后启动sqld进程
shell>/etc/init.d/mysql.server start
附：
config.ini中各部分解释
[COMPUTER]: 定义群集主机.
[NDBD]: 定义群集数据节点.
[MYSQLD]: 定义Sql server节点.
[MGM|NDB_MGMD]: Defines the management server node in the cluster.
[TCP]: Defines TCP/IP connections between nodes in the cluster, with TCP/IP being the default connection protocol.
[SHM]: Defines shared-memory connections between nodes. 在MySQL 4.1.9之前，这个功能必须使用--with-ndb-shm option编译进去, 从MySQL 4.1.9-max版本开始, it is enabled by default

备份方案待续...