零命令玩转Ubuntu 8.10（硬盘安装篇）

2009-12-20 13:47| 发布者: admin| 查看: 86| 评论: 0|原作者: 小寳寳

硬盘安装，是很多没有刻录光驱的用户安装Ubuntu的首选方法。硬盘安装的优势是能实现在无光无软的条件下安装系统。Ubuntu
8.10的硬盘安装也和其他安装方法一样的方便和快捷。事实上，硬盘安装的过程和使用Alternative CD光盘安装的过程基本上完全一致！
本文只讲述硬盘安装不同于光盘安装的部分，以节省篇幅。有几点需要注意：下载Alternative CD的ISO，放在一个在安装过程中不需要修改的分区中，推荐放在C盘；为了方便起见，请把光盘镜像直接放在根目录下，且保持原始文件名。好了，我们开始动手安装吧！
首先，去
Grub for DOS
的项目网站下载最新版的WinGrub。之所以选择Wingrub主要是Wingrub的安装和使用都比较方便。（虽然其设置界面复杂到让人无法理解。囧rz）
安装Wingrub。安装完成后，启动WinGrub GUI。这时，会让你选择把Grub安装在那个分区。推荐安装在C分区：
screen.width*0.7) {this.resized=true; this.width=screen.width*0.7; this.alt='Click here to open new window\nCTRL Mouse wheel to zoom in/out';}" onmouseover="if(this.width>screen.width*0.7) {this.resized=true; this.width=screen.width*0.7; this.style.cursor='hand'; this.alt='Click here to open new window\nCTRL Mouse wheel to zoom in/out';}" onclick="if(!this.resized) {return true;} else {window.open('http://i3.6.cn/cvbnm/30/fb/11/4d528812729bdc492ce770c464141cfa.jpg');}" onmousewheel="return imgzoom(this);" alt="" />

下面是设置Grub选项，其实是配置menu.list，在“Profile”里选择“default”。其他选项都不用管：
screen.width*0.7) {this.resized=true; this.width=screen.width*0.7; this.alt='Click here to open new window\nCTRL Mouse wheel to zoom in/out';}" onmouseover="if(this.width>screen.width*0.7) {this.resized=true; this.width=screen.width*0.7; this.style.cursor='hand'; this.alt='Click here to open new window\nCTRL Mouse wheel to zoom in/out';}" onclick="if(!this.resized) {return true;} else {window.open('http://i3.6.cn/cvbnm/18/d0/4a/e1f8f8a1b8d4ca67df935820d354f161.jpg');}" onmousewheel="return imgzoom(this);" alt="" />

选择“Tools” - “Install Grub”：
screen.width*0.7) {this.resized=true; this.width=screen.width*0.7; this.alt='Click here to open new window\nCTRL Mouse wheel to zoom in/out';}" onmouseover="if(this.width>screen.width*0.7) {this.resized=true; this.width=screen.width*0.7; this.style.cursor='hand'; this.alt='Click here to open new window\nCTRL Mouse wheel to zoom in/out';}" onclick="if(!this.resized) {return true;} else {window.open('http://i3.6.cn/cvbnm/30/9d/26/19667493b7535ec80ea4524584250146.jpg');}" onmousewheel="return imgzoom(this);" alt="" />

这时弹出“Install Grub”对话框。在下半部分，选择boot.ini，其他保持默认，点击Install：
screen.width*0.7) {this.resized=true; this.width=screen.width*0.7; this.alt='Click here to open new window\nCTRL Mouse wheel to zoom in/out';}" onmouseover="if(this.width>screen.width*0.7) {this.resized=true; this.width=screen.width*0.7; this.style.cursor='hand'; this.alt='Click here to open new window\nCTRL Mouse wheel to zoom in/out';}" onclick="if(!this.resized) {return true;} else {window.open('http://i3.6.cn/cvbnm/a0/c6/eb/ccb1f2ec46d3ca2718de877d0ec2b3ca.jpg');}" onmousewheel="return imgzoom(this);" alt="" />

用“记事本”打开C:\Grub\menu.list，添加如下几行，保存修改：
title Install Ubuntu
root (hd0,0)
kernel /vmlinuz
initrd /initrd.gz
screen.width*0.7) {this.resized=true; this.width=screen.width*0.7; this.alt='Click here to open new window\nCTRL Mouse wheel to zoom in/out';}" onmouseover="if(this.width>screen.width*0.7) {this.resized=true; this.width=screen.width*0.7; this.style.cursor='hand'; this.alt='Click here to open new window\nCTRL Mouse wheel to zoom in/out';}" onclick="if(!this.resized) {return true;} else {window.open('http://i3.6.cn/cvbnm/cb/89/72/ff1d05b04fe930115f27394e56b07b71.jpg');}" onmousewheel="return imgzoom(this);" alt="" />

然后再去Ubuntu的镜像站点下载硬盘安装所需的引导文件：vmlinuz和initrd.gz。通常，最新的vmlinuz和
initrd.gz位于[镜像站URL]/ubuntu/dists/[发行版名]/main/installer-[平台]/current
/images/hd-media/目录中。对于Ubuntu
8.10，发行版名为intrepid，平台一般为i386。例如：http://ftp.sjtu.edu.cn/ubuntu/dists
/intrepid/main/installer-i386/current/images/hd-media/。下载后，把vmlinuz和
initrd.gz放到某处，推荐放到C盘根目录下。
screen.width*0.7) {this.resized=true; this.width=screen.width*0.7; this.alt='Click here to open new window\nCTRL Mouse wheel to zoom in/out';}" onmouseover="if(this.width>screen.width*0.7) {this.resized=true; this.width=screen.width*0.7; this.style.cursor='hand'; this.alt='Click here to open new window\nCTRL Mouse wheel to zoom in/out';}" onclick="if(!this.resized) {return true;} else {window.open('http://i3.6.cn/cvbnm/0a/37/31/7ca34f334ea6e4f59a0501f2b726adfc.jpg');}" onmousewheel="return imgzoom(this);" alt="" />

处理完毕之后，就可以重启系统开始安装了。
这时，你将看到Windows的操作系统选择菜单，选择“Start Grub”，回车：
screen.width*0.7) {this.resized=true; this.width=screen.width*0.7; this.alt='Click here to open new window\nCTRL Mouse wheel to zoom in/out';}" onmouseover="if(this.width>screen.width*0.7) {this.resized=true; this.width=screen.width*0.7; this.style.cursor='hand'; this.alt='Click here to open new window\nCTRL Mouse wheel to zoom in/out';}" onclick="if(!this.resized) {return true;} else {window.open('http://i3.6.cn/cvbnm/2b/3e/72/36ef11814ba6498741028f479c23330b.jpg');}" onmousewheel="return imgzoom(this);" alt="" />

这时进入Grub菜单。选择“Install Grub”，回车。这时系统开始引导：
screen.width*0.7) {this.resized=true; this.width=screen.width*0.7; this.alt='Click here to open new window\nCTRL Mouse wheel to zoom in/out';}" onmouseover="if(this.width>screen.width*0.7) {this.resized=true; this.width=screen.width*0.7; this.style.cursor='hand'; this.alt='Click here to open new window\nCTRL Mouse wheel to zoom in/out';}" onclick="if(!this.resized) {return true;} else {window.open('http://i3.6.cn/cvbnm/9c/43/4b/967cb35415fd8b2219b67d4683fd05c4.jpg');}" onmousewheel="return imgzoom(this);" alt="" />

首先是语言选择，选择“中文（简体）”：
screen.width*0.7) {this.resized=true; this.width=screen.width*0.7; this.alt='Click here to open new window\nCTRL Mouse wheel to zoom in/out';}" onmouseover="if(this.width>screen.width*0.7) {this.resized=true; this.width=screen.width*0.7; this.style.cursor='hand'; this.alt='Click here to open new window\nCTRL Mouse wheel to zoom in/out';}" onclick="if(!this.resized) {return true;} else {window.open('http://i3.6.cn/cvbnm/49/29/cc/a6875510dc6898732e21bb6152796aa4.jpg');}" onmousewheel="return imgzoom(this);" alt="" />

这时，安装程序提示语言不完整，是否继续。选择“是”：
screen.width*0.7) {this.resized=true; this.width=screen.width*0.7; this.alt='Click here to open new window\nCTRL Mouse wheel to zoom in/out';}" onmouseover="if(this.width>screen.width*0.7) {this.resized=true; this.width=screen.width*0.7; this.style.cursor='hand'; this.alt='Click here to open new window\nCTRL Mouse wheel to zoom in/out';}" onclick="if(!this.resized) {return true;} else {window.open('http://i3.6.cn/cvbnm/b6/a8/2e/a09322d09923d6bc5320e740735803f8.jpg');}" onmousewheel="return imgzoom(this);" alt="" />

选择国家或地区，这里选择“中国”：
screen.width*0.7) {this.resized=true; this.width=screen.width*0.7; this.alt='Click here to open new window\nCTRL Mouse wheel to zoom in/out';}" onmouseover="if(this.width>screen.width*0.7) {this.resized=true; this.width=screen.width*0.7; this.style.cursor='hand'; this.alt='Click here to open new window\nCTRL Mouse wheel to zoom in/out';}" onclick="if(!this.resized) {return true;} else {window.open('http://i3.6.cn/cvbnm/31/f9/8f/8bcf7201ec4104ce0189cf958b52be34.jpg');}" onmousewheel="return imgzoom(this);" alt="" />

然后是键盘布局的选择。你可以选择China，然后在下一屏上也选择China。这里我们选择USA：
screen.width*0.7) {this.resized=true; this.width=screen.width*0.7; this.alt='Click here to open new window\nCTRL Mouse wheel to zoom in/out';}" onmouseover="if(this.width>screen.width*0.7) {this.resized=true; this.width=screen.width*0.7; this.style.cursor='hand'; this.alt='Click here to open new window\nCTRL Mouse wheel to zoom in/out';}" onclick="if(!this.resized) {return true;} else {window.open('http://i3.6.cn/cvbnm/31/3a/03/8c06f2992fcb399a888730a1cfb53695.jpg');}" onmousewheel="return imgzoom(this);" alt="" />

下一屏也选择“USA”：
screen.width*0.7) {this.resized=true; this.width=screen.width*0.7; this.alt='Click here to open new window\nCTRL Mouse wheel to zoom in/out';}" onmouseover="if(this.width>screen.width*0.7) {this.resized=true; this.width=screen.width*0.7; this.style.cursor='hand'; this.alt='Click here to open new window\nCTRL Mouse wheel to zoom in/out';}" onclick="if(!this.resized) {return true;} else {window.open('http://i3.6.cn/cvbnm/24/bd/fb/ddce8812a8548c97e0de80a767878c7d.jpg');}" onmousewheel="return imgzoom(this);" alt="" />

结束配置后，安装程序就开始搜索光盘镜像，并自动开始系统安装：
screen.width*0.7) {this.resized=true; this.width=screen.width*0.7; this.alt='Click here to open new window\nCTRL Mouse wheel to zoom in/out';}" onmouseover="if(this.width>screen.width*0.7) {this.resized=true; this.width=screen.width*0.7; this.style.cursor='hand'; this.alt='Click here to open new window\nCTRL Mouse wheel to zoom in/out';}" onclick="if(!this.resized) {return true;} else {window.open('http://i3.6.cn/cvbnm/04/b7/8f/58c10d4d10a63aa6f7c59eff57642637.jpg');}" onmousewheel="return imgzoom(this);" alt="" />

后面的步骤就和使用Alternative CD安装几乎完全一样了。请参考
这里
，了解后续步骤，我就不在本文中赘述了。请根据提示小心操作。
可选操作
有一点需要注意。我推荐你在系统安装过程中，把Grub引导程序安装到MBR中。如果你这样做了，也许你还会想把Windows下的Wingrub卸载掉。
启动进Windows，打开WinGrub GUI。选择“Tools” - “Install Grub”：
screen.width*0.7) {this.resized=true; this.width=screen.width*0.7; this.alt='Click here to open new window\nCTRL Mouse wheel to zoom in/out';}" onmouseover="if(this.width>screen.width*0.7) {this.resized=true; this.width=screen.width*0.7; this.style.cursor='hand'; this.alt='Click here to open new window\nCTRL Mouse wheel to zoom in/out';}" onclick="if(!this.resized) {return true;} else {window.open('http://i3.6.cn/cvbnm/30/9d/26/19667493b7535ec80ea4524584250146.jpg');}" onmousewheel="return imgzoom(this);" alt="" />

这时弹出“Install Grub”对话框。在下半部分，选择boot.ini，其他保持默认，点击Remove：
screen.width*0.7) {this.resized=true; this.width=screen.width*0.7; this.alt='Click here to open new window\nCTRL Mouse wheel to zoom in/out';}" onmouseover="if(this.width>screen.width*0.7) {this.resized=true; this.width=screen.width*0.7; this.style.cursor='hand'; this.alt='Click here to open new window\nCTRL Mouse wheel to zoom in/out';}" onclick="if(!this.resized) {return true;} else {window.open('http://i3.6.cn/cvbnm/a0/c6/eb/ccb1f2ec46d3ca2718de877d0ec2b3ca.jpg');}" onmousewheel="return imgzoom(this);" alt="" />

然后，卸载Wingrub程序。最后，把C盘中的GRLDR，Grub文件夹，initrd.gz和mlinuz都删除。系统清理完毕。
这样，你就不再会同时又3个引导程序存在了（Windows的OS Loader，Ubuntu的Grub和WinGrub）。而Ubuntu的Grub将成为唯一的系统引导程序。

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零命令玩转Ubuntu 8.10（硬盘安装篇）

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